Radiator



Jan. 27, 1931. T'. E. MURRAY, JR., ET AL 1,790,241

RADIATOR Filed Feb. l5, 1927 oawtow MLA,

Patented Jan. 27, 1 931 i UNiTED STATES THGHAS E. MURRAY, JR., AND IRV'ING T.V BENNETT, 0F BROOKLYN. NEW

ASSIGNMENTS, T RADIATOR SIGNORS, BY DIRECT AND MESNE TION, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK PATENT oFFicE f YORK, Ascorrom- RADIATOR Application led February 15, 1,927. Serial No. 168,272.

In a certain previous Murray application No. 709,080, tiled April 26, 1924 there is described a type of radiatorwith a steam pipe or similar heating element to the back and front of which are applied transverse plates forming an extended radiating surface which conducts the heat rapidly to the surrounding air and circulates the heatedair rapidly; and

this principle is embodied in several other pending Murray applications.

The present invention aims to provide certain vimprovements adapted to this and similar types of radiator.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the complete radiator;

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of one end thereof;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on lthe line Fig. 4 isga vertical section on the line4-4 of Fig. 2; Y

Fig. 5 is a similar section at an interme` diate stage of production;

Figs. 6, 7 modifications.

Fig. 9 is a view similar parts before welding.

Fig. l10 isan elevation, partly in section of `the electric heating element.

In Figs. 1 to 7 the heating element is a pipe arranged in three approximately horizontal lengths 1, 2 and 3 connected by bends at alternate ends, so that the steam or other heating medium Hows through it continuously. Or they may be arranged in a parallel with headers at opposite ends. lengths or other heating used.

The radiating structure comprises metal sheets corrugated in horizontal section and forming short longitudinal portions 4 and 6 connected by transverse plates or'iins 5. The inner longitudinal portions 4 engage the pipe 1 at the front and back and conduct the heat therefrom to the plates 5 which transmit it to the surrounding air and form verticaliues or chimneys to induce a rapid circulation. The rapid conductionA of the heat through the close contact with the pipe an'd the rapid radiation through the extended fins, together elements may be having different coeiiicients and 8 are similar sections of to Fig. 7 of the fin One or more pipe with the rapid circulation of air induced, adapt the radiator for use with high temperature steam or electricity or other heating medium. f

The heating element and the radiating structure may be of various metals. We prefer to make the thereof to assist in the rapid operation described, although a ferrous metal may be used. In a particular instance we have made 1t of tinned copper tubing. We prefer to make the radiating structure, for economy, of steel (in which term we include iron and alloys thereof).

ere copper and steel, or other metals of lexpansion,

pipe of copper or an alloy are usell the radiating structure cannot be I secured to the heating element by soldered or similar bonded unions. Such joints would be loosened by the unequal expansion in a short time. We propose therefore lto secure the radiating structure movably but in close contact with the outside of the heating element, so as to obtain high thermal conductivity through the jointjso that the temperatures may be approximately those of the heating element.. The copper tubes with or without the strips 7 and 8, closely embraced in recesses in the outside structure of Steel or iron, has this further advantage. When the temperature is raised the expansion ofthe parts within the steel pieces is greater than that of the steel itself becausel of the lower co-eiicient of thermal expansion of the latter. Therefore, the contact between all the parts more intimate by the resulting pressure and there is a better transmission of heat. There will be some expansion of the embracing parts of steel; but this will generally be within the elastic limit of the steel so that when the parts are cooled they will be restored ,to their.

is made spot welds, but lthey may be larger or smaller in area according to requirements, or maybe of the type known as projection welds. The parts are first assembled in the position of Fig. 5. The welding tools then force the plates 4 into close embrace of the pipe in the manner shown in Fig. 4 and weld them firmly together. Such joints bywelding two pieces through an intermediate piece are illustrated more fully, and are claimed for other structures than radiators, in our application No. 203,437 filed July 45, 1927; and the method, in our application No. 203,438 filed July 5, 1927.

The plates 4 may be brought together- Without the interposition of a filler, as in Fig. 6 and fastened as before in close embrace of the pipe by spot welds 9 and 10. Where fillers 7 are used they may extend continuously'lengthwise as in the case illus trated in Fig. 1 for the fillers 7,'or they may be short pieces, one at each joint.

In some locations it is desirable to have the radiating structure at one side only of the heating element. Fig. 7 illustrates this. The radiating structure is shaped as in Fig. 6. It is secured on one or more pipes l by straps 11 passing around the opposite side of the pipes and slightly above and below the same and fastened to the plates 6 by welds 9 and 10. A single strap 11 may be used extending lengthwise of each pipe sec-` tion. Orshort separate Straps may be used, one for each joint.

Insteadof the steam pipes in the abovel figures, electric heating elements (of the usual resistance lor other type) may be used. Fig.8 shows this in aconstruction similar to Fig. 7, using one or more heating elements like that indicated yat 12. They are held against the plates 4 by means of straps 13 similar to the straps 11 of Fig. 7 and fastened to the plate 4 by similar spot welds 9 and 10. There are certain advantages in providing for heating the radiator by both steam and electricity. This can be accomplished with our invention by adding oneV or more electric elements to the radiator of Fig. 2 or by.replacing one or more of the pipe lengths in this figure with electric heatin elements.

n order to secure the desired close contact 0f the radiating structure to the heating element, the plate 4 (or the plates 4 at opposite sides, where a two-sided radiator is to be built) are first bent as in Fig. 9 with portions 14 tangent to the tube 1. Then in the welding machine, these are pressed together t0 the shape of Fig. 7 at the same time that the welding current is passed. This operation stretches the metal tightly over th heating element.

In Fig. 10, we have indicated the preferred style of electric heating element.. This is of the type described fully in a patent of Wiegand, January 18,1927, No. 1,614,938. A corrugated strip 15 is encased in non-conducting material 16 in a long thin shell 17 of steel, with binding posts 18 at the ends projecting outside of the shell. Such strip heaters become very hot in use, red hot in fact, and are dangerous when exposed to contact. But when embraced in the extended 'area of the radiating structure herein described, the heat is taken away from them so fast that they keep moderately cool and the resulting structure is quite safe as far as the risk of fire or injury to persons is concerned, and the life of the heater is prolonged.

The radiator may be equally used for cooling air by circulating cold brine or the like through the pipes so that the. latter become a heating element only in the negative sense, that is, they extract heat from the radiating structure and induce a tion' of the cool air downward through the iiues similar to the upward circulation of air induced by the passage of steam through the pipes.

Various other modi ications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the invention as defined in the following claims.

What we claim is:

1. A radiator including in combination a heating element and a radiating structure having a dit'erent coeiticient of expansion extending continuously lengthwise of the heating element and in contact with itat separated points and movably secured -to it at such points.

2. A radiator including in combination a heating element of copper and a radiating structure of steel extending continuously lengthwise of the heating element and movably secured at separatedpoints in contact with the outside of said element.

3. A radiator including in combination 'a heat-ing element and a radiating structure having a different coeliicient of expansion extending continuously lengthwise of the heating element and formed of parts which embrace said element at separated points in its length and are secured yto each other at points beyond the heating element.

4. A radiator including in combination a heating element of copper and Va radiating structure ot' lsteel and formed of parts which embrace said element and are welded to each other at points beyond the heating element.

5. A radiator including in combination a heating element of copper' and a radiating structure of steel formed of parts located on opposite sides of said element and fastened to each other at points outside of and closely adjacent to the heating element.

(i. A radiator including in combination a heating element of copper and a radiating structure of steel comprising longitudinal portions-and ,transverse portions, the longitudinal portions located on opposite sides of .a radiating structure having a dierent coeirlcient of fexpansion and consisting of a single'plate extending integrally the length of the heating element, corrugated in Vhorizontal section to form vertical lues and movably secured tothe heating element to permit expansion of one part relative to the other.

9. A radiator including in combination a heating element of non-ferrous material and a radiating structure of ferrous material secured about the heating element so as to provide a joint of high thermal eiciency and yet to allow enough freedom of movement i to take care of the unequal expansions of the two over the contacting length.

10.v A radiator including in combination a horizontally extending heating elementand a radiating structure having a different coeiicient of expansion and including .a plate y tically extending passages between them in extending integrallylengthwise of the heating element, corrugated in horizontal section to form vertical lues and movabl)T secured to the'heating element to permit expansion of one part relatively to the other.

11. A radiator including in combination a copper tube and a radiating structureincluding a steel plate extending lengthwise ment,l said sheet forming vertically extending passages in which the air is heated and through which an ascending current of heated air is induced.

14. A radiator for heating the air 'of a room including in combination a heating elementl anda radiating structure comprising horizontally corrugated sheets'extending lengthwise of the heating element with the inner portions of corrugations embracing it on opposite sides and Welded to eachother, said sheets forming vertically extending passages in which the air is heated and through which an ascending current Ofheated air is induced.

In witness whereof, we have signed our names. y THOMAS E. MURRAY, JR.

IRVING T. BENNETT.

hereunto of the tube, corrugated in horizontal secg l tion to form vertical lues andl movably secured to the tube `at separated points along the lengthof the latter to permit expansion of one part relatively to the other.

v 412. A radiator for heating the air of a room including lin combination a heating element and a radiating structure comprising plates embracing .the heating elementl at separated points in its length with their faces brought together at pointsbeyond it4 and welded to each other, said plates having verwhichthe air is heated and through which 'an ascending current of heated air is vinduced. 13. A radiator for heating the -air of a vroom including in combination a heating element andA a radlatlng structure l comprlslng a vsheet corrugated-in horizontal section and extending lengthwise of the heatingelement n with the inner portions of the corrugations engging the heating element and fastened by welding to eachother and to the heating eley 

